Shiv Shanker Tripathi
Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Title: Therapeutic evaluation of tranexamic acid in reducing perioperative blood loss in total hip replacement
Biography
Biography: Shiv Shanker Tripathi
Abstract
Objective & Design: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid in relation to blood loss in total hip arthroplasty surgery. This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Materials & Methods: Fifty patients of ASA 1 and 2 were included in the study. Test group
(T) was administered tranexamic acid 30 min before surgical incision and was repeated three hrs later. Control group (C) was given equal amount of 0.9% normal saline. We measured vitals pre and post administration in test group and compared hemoglobin, hematocrit, blood loss, transfusions needed in test and control group. Side effects after tranexamic acid administration were also noted.
Results: Pre-operative values for hemoglobin and hematocrit were almost equal in both groups. Post operatively the control group showed a marked decrease with extremely significant p value of <0.0001. Intraoperative and post-operative blood loss was found to be significantly less in the test group. Post-operative transfusion requirements were less in test group by approximately 50%. Post-operative nausea, vomiting or complications such as pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis were absent in test group.
Conclusion: Tranexamic acid is a cost-effective and safe means of minimizing blood loss and reductions in hemoglobin concentrations reduces the need for allogenic blood transfusion, without increasing the risk of thromboembolic events.